参考此海报的版式结构和蓝白科技配色，修改内容：将右上角 Paper ID 修改为 "PT4211"，作者改为 "Bingbing Li¹, Shuying Yang¹*, Zizhen Fan¹, L
1r998zirfkP...
2026.07.20参考此海报的版式结构和蓝白科技配色，修改内容：将右上角 Paper ID 修改为 "PT4211"，作者改为 "Bingbing Li¹, Shuying Yang¹*, Zizhen Fan¹, L
1r998zirfkP...
2026.07.20
![基于基础海报[image1]，整合[image2]中的新增板块内容，生成竖版学术海报，尺寸为59.4 cm × 84.1 cm，对应比例约为2:3竖版。要求：
1. 在RESEARCH BACKGROUND板块之前新增完整的Abstract板块，包含用户提供的全部内容
2. 新增完整的Core Method Framework板块，包含所有公式和要点，内容为：
■ Proposed Control Scheme: STA + STSMC
▎Sliding Surface Design — Second-Order Non-Singular Terminal Sliding Mode Surface
Embed the first-order integral fast terminal sliding surface into the second-order non-singular terminal sliding surface structure:
First-order sliding variable: s_{1d} = e_d + \int (c_{ed} \cdot e_d + c_{td} \cdot e_d^{\alpha/\beta}) d\tau
Second-order sliding variable: s_{2d} = s_{1d} + c_{nd} \cdot (\dot{s}_{1d})^{m/n}
Where:
• e_d = i_d^* - i_d is the d-axis current tracking error
• α, β are positive odd numbers, satisfying α < β
• m, n are positive odd numbers, satisfying 1 < m/n < 2
• c_{ed}, c_{td}, c_{nd} are positive coefficients
Design Features:
✓ Retains the chattering suppression advantage of the first-order integral fast sliding mode
✓ Has the fast convergence characteristic of the second-order non-singular terminal sliding mode near the equilibrium point
✓ Avoids the singularity problem
▎Reaching Law Design — Super-Twisting Algorithm (STA)
Super-twisting sliding mode reaching law expression:
\dot{s} = -p \cdot |s|^{1/2} \cdot \text{sign}(s) + y
\dot{y} = -i \cdot \int \text{sign}(s) dt
Nonlinear control term:
u_{sw} = L_0 \cdot [ p \cdot |s|^{1/2} \cdot \text{sign}(s) + \int i \cdot \text{sign}(s) dt ]
Design Advantages:
✓ Introduces the sign function into the integral term of the control voltage, which is beneficial to chattering suppression
✓ Ensures fast convergence of sliding variables in finite time
✓ Achieves zero-static-error current tracking
3. 新增完整的Simulation Verification Results板块，包含所有实验条件和结论，并排嵌入对比曲线图[image3] (b) STA+STSSMC 和 [image4] (a) STSSMC，缩小两张图片，保证两张图片的总面积不超过整个海报面积的1/10，保持图片清晰
4. Simulation Verification and Comparative Analysis:
Experimental Conditions:
• Motor speed: 3000 r/min
• d-axis reference current: i_d^* = -50 A (constant)
• q-axis reference current: i_q^* steps from 20A to 87A at t=0.02s
• Comparison target: conventional exponential reaching law SFTSMC vs. the proposed STA+STSMC
Main Conclusions:
• The proposed scheme reduces the control voltage chattering amplitude to less than 1/3 of the conventional scheme at rated speed
• Effectively solves the problems of low steady-state accuracy and large current fluctuation caused by large chattering in traditional sliding mode current control
• Ensures that the motor current state can track the reference signal in finite time
保持原蓝白渐变科技学术风格一致，整体版式为竖版多栏布局，协调排版所有板块，保留原海报所有已有文字和作者信息，保持所有文字为英文，字号协调清晰，公式准确渲染，所有二维码区域使用纯色方块占位符呈现，方块中央标注"QR Code Placeholder"文字，严禁生成任何可识别的二维码图案，所有文字精确渲染，保证印刷清晰度。](https://gd-cms.dancf.com/gd-cms/xi19e5/0/af96372a-8934-4ba6-a9f6-aaa221ddea9c20985.jpeg?x-oss-process=image/resize,w_640,type_6/sharpen,120/interlace,1)
![基于基础海报[image1]，保持原蓝白科技学术风格，按照以下要求修改：
1. 在RESEARCH BACKGROUND板块之前新增一个板块，标题为"Abstract"，完整添加以下内容：
To address two core issues in sliding mode current control for permanent magnet synchronous motors—first, that sliding mode chattering limits control accuracy, and second, the inherent trade-off between chattering suppression and disturbance rejection—this paper proposes a second-order terminal sliding mode control scheme based on a super-twisting reaching law.
In the design of the sliding surface, a first-order integral fast terminal sliding surface is embedded into a second-order nonsingular terminal sliding surface structure. This combined design retains the chattering suppression advantage of the former while achieving the fast convergence characteristic of the latter when the system state is near the equilibrium point, and it avoids the singularity problem.
In the design of the reaching law, the super-twisting sliding mode algorithm is introduced to further mitigate chattering and achieve fast convergence of the currents with steady-state-error-free tracking.
Finally, simulation verification is conducted and compared with conventional control methods. The results demonstrate that the proposed scheme offers significant advantages in improving current dynamic response, suppressing chattering, and enhancing disturbance rejection capability.
2. 新增一个板块标题为"Core Method Framework"，完整添加以下内容（全部英文）：
■ Proposed Control Scheme: STA + STSMC
▎Sliding Surface Design — Second-Order Non-Singular Terminal Sliding Mode Surface
Embed the first-order integral fast terminal sliding surface into the second-order non-singular terminal sliding surface structure:
First-order sliding variable: s_{1d} = e_d + \int (c_{ed} \cdot e_d + c_{td} \cdot e_d^{\alpha/\beta}) d\tau
Second-order sliding variable: s_{2d} = s_{1d} + c_{nd} \cdot (\dot{s}_{1d})^{m/n}
Where:
• e_d = i_d^* - i_d is the d-axis current tracking error
• α, β are positive odd numbers, satisfying α < β
• m, n are positive odd numbers, satisfying 1 < m/n < 2
• c_{ed}, c_{td}, c_{nd} are positive coefficients
Design Features:
✓ Retains the chattering suppression advantage of the first-order integral fast sliding mode
✓ Has the fast convergence characteristic of the second-order non-singular terminal sliding mode near the equilibrium point
✓ Avoids the singularity problem
▎Reaching Law Design — Super-Twisting Algorithm (STA)
Super-twisting sliding mode reaching law expression:
\dot{s} = -p \cdot |s|^{1/2} \cdot \text{sign}(s) + y
\dot{y} = -i \cdot \int \text{sign}(s) dt
Nonlinear control term:
u_{sw} = L_0 \cdot [ p \cdot |s|^{1/2} \cdot \text{sign}(s) + \int i \cdot \text{sign}(s) dt ]
Design Advantages:
✓ Introduces the sign function into the integral term of the control voltage, which is beneficial to chattering suppression
✓ Ensures fast convergence of sliding variables in finite time
✓ Achieves zero-static-error current tracking
3. 保持画面比例为16:9横版学术海报，调整整体布局保证协调。
4. 新增一个板块标题为"Simulation Verification Results"，完整添加以下内容，并将提供的两张对比曲线图[image2]和[image3]并排嵌入此板块，图片整体缩小，两张图片总面积不超过整个海报面积的1/10，保持图片清晰：
Simulation Verification and Comparative Analysis
Experimental Conditions:
• Motor speed: 3000 r/min
• d-axis reference current: i_d^* = -50 A (constant)
• q-axis reference current: i_q^* steps from 20A to 87A at t=0.02s
• Comparison target: conventional exponential reaching law SFTSMC vs. the proposed STA+STSMC
Main Conclusions:
• The proposed scheme reduces the control voltage chattering amplitude to less than 1/3 of the conventional scheme at rated speed
• Effectively solves the problems of low steady-state accuracy and large current fluctuation caused by large chattering in traditional sliding mode current control
• Ensures that the motor current state can track the reference signal in finite time
保持原海报的所有已有内容不变，保持原蓝白渐变科技风格一致，保持所有文字为英文，字号协调，公式清晰渲染，所有二维码区域使用纯色方块占位符呈现，方块中央标注"QR Code Placeholder"文字，严禁生成任何可识别的二维码图案，所有文字必须精确渲染，排版整齐美观。](https://gd-cms.dancf.com/gd-cms/xi19e5/0/10cb03da-a2c3-4c05-9cc6-7acc0a18b1d116842.jpeg?x-oss-process=image/resize,w_640,type_6/sharpen,120/interlace,1)
